What’s Changing With Fusaka?

The Ethereum Virtual Machine (EVM) — responsible for executing smart contracts — will undergo significant protocol upgrades:

• New container format for smart contract bytecode, introducing better structure and clarity.
• Header (0xEF00 value) followed by a version number for future upgrades.
• Section table to provide metadata about the contract.
• Separated code and data sections, making contracts easier to analyze and verify.

This structure is designed to streamline EVM operations, increase efficiency, and provide a cleaner development environment for smart contract engineers.

Goodbye “JUMP”, Hello “RJUMP”

Currently, EVM uses JUMP and JUMPI to redirect execution to arbitrary bytecode positions — a method that can conceal malicious code.
Through EIP-4200 and EIP-4750, these dynamic jumps will be replaced by safer alternatives like CALLF (function call) and RETF (return from function). Additionally, RJUMP and RJUMPI will mandate hardcoded destinations within the bytecode.

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Controversy Surrounding EOF

However, not everyone supports EOF.
Developer Pascal Caversaccio and others have raised concerns that:

• EOF is overly complex,
• It adds unnecessary layers to an already intricate EVM system,
• It could open new vulnerabilities by requiring significant tooling upgrades,
• It might force indefinite maintenance of the legacy EVM.

A recent ETHPulse poll revealed that voters holding nearly 17,745 ETH oppose the EOF upgrade, while only a few holders with less than 300 ETH support it.

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Leadership Disputes and Eric Conner’s Departure

On January 21, Eric Conner, one of Ethereum’s leading developers, announced the end of his 11-year active participation in the Ethereum community. At the core of this decision were criticisms directed at leadership changes implemented by Ethereum founder Vitalik Buterin.

Vitalik Buterin, declaring himself as the sole authority in Ethereum Foundation (EF) management, stated:

“The person deciding the new EF leadership team is me. One of the goals of the ongoing reform is to give the EF a ‘proper board,’ but until that happens, it’s me.”

This statement created discomfort among some community members who felt it contradicted Ethereum’s decentralization ideals. However, another segment supported Buterin’s leadership until the completion of leadership innovations. Conner positioned himself among those opposing this situation.

Breaking Away from Ethereum and A New Journey

Eric Conner explained his reasons for leaving Ethereum as “understanding the importance of community and adaptation to change.”

Announcing his new roadmap, Conner revealed that he has transitioned to the artificial intelligence field and will initially work on developing an AI tool called Freysa.ai. He also expressed his openness to collaborating on other artificial intelligence projects.

Leadership Restructuring at Ethereum Foundation

On January 18, Vitalik Buterin announced a major change in the Ethereum Foundation’s leadership team. The primary purpose of these changes was to emphasize technical expertise and establish better communication between developers in the Ethereum ecosystem and the foundation.

These changes came after the Ethereum Foundation’s expenditures, roadmap, and personnel decisions were criticized by the community throughout 2024.

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