What Does $37 Trillion Mean?

By mid-2025, total federal debt rose to $36.8 trillion and is expected to exceed $37 trillion soon. This amount equals about 123% of the US Gross Domestic Product (GDP), surpassing World War II era debt levels. The Congressional Budget Office (CBO) predicts this ratio will exceed 130% over the next decade if current policies continue. 

Russian Foreign Minister Sergey Lavrov stated that the US debt level is out of control. He also said the US dollar is no longer a reliable means of payment.
Lavrov commented, “COVID-19 revealed numerous flaws in the global trade and financial system. The dollar turned into a penalty tool. Trust has been shaken.” He highlighted that the number of highly indebted countries rose from 22 in 2011 to 59 today.  These remarks reveal that the growing US debt burden causes concerns not only locally but also for global financial stability. 

Key Risks and Economic Impacts 

• Rising Interest Payments: As interest rates rise, the government will pay over $1 trillion annually in interest. This amount is close to, or even surpasses, the defense budget, potentially overshadowing health, infrastructure, and education spending. 
• Slowing Economic Growth: Economists warn that shifting investments from private to government debt may harm productivity and wage growth. Studies suggest rising debt could reduce GDP by over 1% by 2035, leading to millions of job losses. 
• Inflation and Fiscal Imbalance: Large budget deficits may force central banks to keep interest rates low, complicating inflation control and weakening monetary policy effectiveness. 
• Credit Rating and Investor Confidence: Moody’s downgraded the US credit outlook in 2024. This could raise borrowing costs and cause investors to lose confidence. Higher Treasury yields may increase volatility in both domestic and global markets. 

Pressure on the US Dollar

Increasing debt and deficits erode confidence in the dollar. While still the global reserve currency, fiscal indiscipline pushes investors away, creating downward pressure on the dollar’s value. 

Billionaire investor Ray Dalio warns that Treasury supply will outpace demand, driving inflation up and the dollar down. Fiscal experts say uncontrolled spending could add $6 trillion to debt and increase interest costs over the next decade. Institutions like the Cato Institute and Peter G. Peterson Foundation call for bipartisan reforms. 

Still, the US retains important advantages. The dollar’s global reserve status maintains strong demand. Most debt is held domestically by government funds and American investors, reducing foreign sales risk. In global crises, investors view US Treasuries as a safe haven. Despite high debt, borrowing costs remain relatively low. 

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US Treasury Chief: Urges Congress to Raise Ceiling

In an interview with CBS News, he said: 

“The United States will never default. That will never happen; we are on the warning line and will not hit the wall.” 

Bessent’s remarks came as Congress approaches the mid-July deadline to raise the debt ceiling. Current estimates indicate that the government’s borrowing authority will be exhausted by that date. Bessent warned that if the debt ceiling is not raised before then, the government may lose its ability to make debt payments. Budget analysts predict the Treasury will exhaust its extraordinary measures to make debt payments by the end of summer. 

Bessent also pushed back against JPMorgan CEO Jamie Dimon’s warnings of a collapse in the U.S. bond market. Dimon criticized government spending post-pandemic and quantitative easing policies. He suggested that rising debt levels could increase the risk of a future crisis. However, Bessent noted that Dimon’s past predictions have not come true: 

“I’ve known Jamie for a long time, and throughout his career, he has made such predictions. Fortunately, none have been accurate,” he said. 

Bessent said that reducing the debt level will be a gradual process over four years. Additionally, former President Trump used his proposed tax and spending package as a tool to raise the debt ceiling. This package could further increase the debt level. 

These concerns led Moody’s Ratings to downgrade the US credit rating from the highest level, Aaa, to Aa1. Moody’s became the third major credit rating agency to downgrade the U.S. government’s credit rating since 2011. 

US Treasury Secretary Scott Bessent emphasizes that the country will not default despite its debt load. He called on Congress to raise the debt ceiling. However, concerns about debt sustainability and economic stability remain. 

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The US Dollar Index (DXY) fell 10% from its 2025 peak, dropping to 99.40. The decline accelerated with Donald Trump’s inauguration. Tariffs imposed on allied countries like Canada and Mexico sparked market concerns. As a result, reciprocal tariffs announced on “Independence Day” intensified selling pressure. However, Moody’s downgraded the US credit rating to AA1 on Friday, stripping it of its last Triple-A rating. Moody’s joined S&P Global in 2011 and Fitch in 2023 in lowering the rating. 

The House of Representatives passed the “Big Beautiful Bill” with a 215-214 vote. The bill extends the 2017 tax cuts, exempts overtime and tips from taxes, and removes millions from programs like Medicare. The Congressional Budget Office (CBO) estimates the bill will add $3.8 trillion to the deficit over 10 years, increasing the US’s $36.2 trillion debt. The budget deficit is expected to reach 7% of GDP. Consequently, Trump’s tariffs and fiscal health concerns are pressuring the USD. 

DXY Technical Analysis and Market Dynamics 

In the DXY’s daily chart, bullish momentum has weakened. The RSI’s decline has slowed. Support is at 99.10, with resistances at 100 (21 DMA), 100.80 (23.6% Fibonacci), and 101.35 (50 DMA). Without a new trigger, the downward pace may slow. However, investors remain cautious due to fiscal and tariff uncertainties. The Senate’s approval process for the bill will influence the USD’s direction. 

Economic data has had limited impact on the DXY. Federal Reserve officials Susan Collins and Raphael Bostic indicated no rush to cut rates. Tuesday’s Conference Board consumer confidence report is critical. Recent data showed declining confidence due to labor market and inflation concerns. Still, markets are focused on debt growth and tariff effects. 

Trump’s tariffs have shaken global investors’ confidence in US assets. Moody’s downgrade heightened debt sustainability concerns. As a result, gold prices surged 23% due to safe-haven demand. The EUR strengthened against the USD, reaching 1.138. Investors are questioning US fiscal policies and debt burdens. Fears that tariffs could slow economic growth are fueling the DXY’s decline. Markets are watching the Senate’s stance on the bill and the Federal Reserve’s rate decisions. 

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